Furcas comments on Rationalists lose when others choose - Less Wrong
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Then it's a trivially obvious point. There's no need to talk about mind-reading deities and fMRI exams; any scenario where the rationalist doesn't get what he wants because of circumstances beyond his control would be an equivalent example:
If a rationalist is fired because of the economic depression, then rationality 'loses'.
If a rationalist's wife leaves him because she's discovered she's a lesbian, then rationality 'loses'.
If a rationalist is hit by a meteor, then rationality 'loses'.
What makes your fMRI example seem different is that the thing that's beyond our control is having the kind of brain that leads to rational decision-making. This doesn't change the fact that we never had the opportunity to make a decision.
A rationalist hit by a meteor was not hit because he was a rationalist. Completely different case.
The word "rationalist" is misleading here.
In your example, it's true that a person would be unemployable because he has the kind of brain that leads to rational decision-making. However, it's false that this person would be unemployable because he made a rational decision (since he hasn't made a decision of any kind).
Therefore, as far as rational behavior is concerned, a rationalist getting hit by a meteor and a rationalist being penalized because of a fMRI exam are equivalent scenarios.
Besides, being rational isn't having a particular kind of brain, it's behaving in a particular way, even according to your own definition, "optimizing expected selfish utility". Optimizing is something that an agent does, it's not a passive property of his brain.