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DanArmak comments on Why the beliefs/values dichotomy? - Less Wrong
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The difference is between the Roomba spinning and you working for nothing is that if you told the Roomba that it was just spinning its wheels, it wouldn't react. It has no concept of "I am failing to achieve my goals". You, on the other hand, would investigate; prod your environment to check if it was actually as you thought, and eventually you would update your beliefs and change your behaviors.
(Edited & corrected) Here's a third example. Imagine an AI whose only supergoal is to gather information about something. It explicitly encodes this information, and everything else it knows, as a Bayesian network of beliefs. Its utility ultimately derives entirely from creating new (correct) beliefs.
This AI's values and beliefs don't seem very separate to me. Every belief can be mapped to the value of having that belief. Values can be mapped to the belief(s) from whose creation or updating they derive. Every change in belief corresponds to a change in the AI's current utility, and vice versa. Given a subroutine fully implementing the AI's belief subsystem, the value system would be relatively simple, and vice versa.
However, this doesn't imply the AI is in any sense simple or incapable of adaptation. Nor should it imply (though I'm no AI expert) that the AI is not a 'mind' or is not conscious. Similarly, while it's true that the Roomba doesn't have a belief/value separation, that's not related to the fact that it's a simple and stupid 'mind'.