JGWeissman comments on The Graviton as Aether - Less Wrong
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Interesting. I think there are fundamental things we don't know about gravity yet.
A basic physics question about light waves: I understand how water waves are a property of the medium. My analogy for how it works mechanically is potential energy and kinetic energy swapping in a (mostly) self-sustaining rhythm. I don't understand light waves though. What causes them to oscillate?
Changes in electric fields induce magnetic fields. Changes in magnetic fields induce electric fields. If you combine the equations describing these effects, you get a wave equation. The wave described is light.
ETA: The section in the linked wikipedia article with the heading "In vacuum" has the equations in convenient form, and some links that look promising for describing this in more detail.