Tordmor comments on Rationality & Criminal Law: Some Questions - Less Wrong
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Ceteris paribus, I would think that the lower gullibility of judges would be entirely overwhelmed by the effects of increased corruption. Take the corrupt judges in Pennsylvania that were all over the news last year, for example. The difference in accuracy between a jury and a judge pales in comparison to this sort of thing; that's fine if corruption is proportionally more rare than that accuracy gap, which is probably true if most cases of corruption are uncovered.
But if you look at the story of those Pennsylvanian judges, they did a miserably bad job of covering their own tracks, and it still took four years for anyone to notice. If we're only catching the incompetent corrupt judges, then either only incompetent judges are corrupt, or we don't have an accurate picture of how much corruption there actually is.
It's oft-repeated but nevertheless true: power corrupts. Because jurors serve infrequently, for one case at a time, and have little individual power, it's much, much harder to buy off or otherwise influence a jury. I think that if we want to improve our justice system, we'd be best served by applying closer scrutiny to positions that act as bottlenecks of authority - judges, prosecutors, and anyone involved in jury selection.
Granted, that's all predicated on maintaining a justice system that looks approximately like our current one.
If jurys are not taken from a preselected pool of specially trained people, they are highly susceptible to common forms of rationality failure. This can in no way be conciliated with "innocent untill proven guilty". Therfore, the jury system as implemented today in the US can not be called "just" in any common meaning of the word.
A single judge who can sentence someone to any punishment without accountability is too powerful. That too could not be called "just".
One possible solution would be to separate the trial from the sentence. One judge would then preside over the trial and regulate the interaction of prosecution and defense with the witnesses. From this trial an anonymized record is then passed to a different judge or group of judges who evaluate the evidence and formulate the sentence.