I'm not sure we can rule out a meaningful and objective measure of purposfulness, or something closely related to it.
If I saw a Martian laying five rocks on the ground in a straight line, I would label it an optimization process. Omega might tell me that the Martian is a reasonable powerful geral optimization process, currently optimizing for a target like 'Indicate direction to solstice sunrise." or "Communicate concept of five-ness to Terran". In a case like that the pattern of five rocks in a line is highly intentional.
Omega might instead tell me that the Martian is not a strong general optimization process, but that member of its species frequently arrange five stones in a line as part of their reproductive process, that would be relatively low in intentionality.
But intentionality can also go with high intelligence. Omega could tell me that the Martian is a strong general optimization agent, is currently curing Martian cancer, and smart martians just rocks in a line when they're thinking hard. (Though you might reparse that as there is a part of the martian brain that is a specialized optimizer for putting stones in a line. I think knowing whether this is valid would depend on the specifics of the thinking hard->stones in a line chain of causality.)
And if I just found five stones in a line on Mars, I would guess zero intentionality, because that doesn't constitute enough evidence for an optimization process, and I have no other evidence for Martians.
I would label it an optimization process
Evolution is an optimization process, but it doesn't have "purpose" - it simply has byproducts that appear purposeful to humans.
Really, most of your comment just helps illustrate my point that purposefulness is a label attached by the observer: your knowledge (or lack thereof) of Martians is not something that changes the nature of the rock pattern itself, not even if you observe the Martian placing the rocks.
(In fact, your intiial estimate of whether the Martian's behavior is purposeful is going to depe...
Sweet, there's another Bloggingheads episode with Eliezer.
Bloggingheads: Robert Wright and Eliezer Yudkowsky: Science Saturday: Purposes and Futures