To advance, you have to figure out the laws governing these things (which would be isomorphic to real science) and put this knowledge to practical use. The insights that had to be made back then are far removed from the clean scientific laws we have now, so it would be tough.
Or you could just go look up the correct answers on gamefaqs.com.
So the game should generate different sets of fake names for each time it is run, and have some variance in the forms of clues and which NPC's give them.
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