The inspiration I had was when I was thinking: suppose I am one of a pair of identical copies, and one was going to be killed. Would I trade a chocolate now for two chocolates for the survivor after one of us was killed? Certainly. Would I do the same with a stranger rather than an identical copy? No. These seemed like subjective anticipation type questions, but they can be solved using the appropriate utility function instead.

I'll try and see if all indexical and anticipation problems can be solved in that way...