I'd say, from personal experience, that they almost certainly can. However, it's obviously self applied and there's no real data about it, and the whole diagnosis thing's been and continue to be a mess and since I've pretty much fixed those parts they're probably never going to show up on any official diagnosis even if/when I get proper such. Even if it could be proven that I had delusions and then didn't, the evidence is still only anecdotal.
I'm a bit surprised at this response, if more information would be of use to you I'll provide it. It might be, actually, if nothing else then to verify my conclusions. However, a lot of it is rather embarrassing, and a few bits probably private to, so I'd prefer not to spill my guts here in public, especially considering thinking about it tend to make me increasingly less coherent and reliable. For similar reasons it might be a good idea to, err, have me talk to someone whose long term opinion about me I care less about.
PM me with a quick description of what got fixed, maybe, never mind the gory details? ("I used to hear voices and listen to them, now I ignore them" would be an interesting data point just by itself.)
It might be useful if we fellow LW'ers collect actual big scale success stories of ourself in real world applications. Since we are supposed to win some real life experiences of actual winning would be great.