This doesn't seem very foundational (perhaps the Popperians on here did succeed a bit). Rather, it seems to be saying something like "Given some information, how should we make good decisions?" And the shocking answer comes back "Do what is good, take biases into account, and don't forget to balance costs and benefits." As you can tell, from a LW perspective I'm am not all that impressed, though it's possible that this is an advance over the state of its art.