I've played in several competitive tournaments myself and had a chess coach for a number of years. I don't know of any general studies or research (so I'll be interested if anyone finds anything more principled than my anecdotal evidence). In my experience, the main goal of chess coaching and training was to teach you how to act like you were a computer. Any kind of "intuitive" play or even creative play was harshly criticized from a young age. The first goal was to memorize a massive amount of opening theory and what is known as 'book' knowledge... (read more)