There's some serious spin in this paper. They use the words "intuitive" vs "reflective" to describe answers dozens of times, whereas they use "correct" vs "incorrect" less than a dozen... but reading the actual objective description of the study, it's clear that a subject who intuitively gets the correct answer gets called "reflective" in the results, whereas a subject who reflects on the problem for a while but still gets the trick incorrect answer gets called "intuitive" in the results.
I don't think the distinction between easily tricked and not easily tricked can be best described as if they were two equally valid options of "cognitive style".
http://psychcentral.com/news/2011/09/21/cognitive-style-tends-to-predict-religious-conviction/29646.html
I think this is the source but I can't be sure:
http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/xge-ofp-shenhav.pdf
http://lesswrong.com/lw/7o4/atheism_autism_spectrum/4vbc
Reddit /r/psychology discussion