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antigonus comments on Intuitive Explanation of Solomonoff Induction - Less Wrong
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In that case, I'd say that your response involves special pleading. SI priors are uncomputable. If the fine structure constant is uncomputable, then any uncomputable prior that assigns probability 1 to the constant having its actual value will beat SI in the long run. What is illicit about the latter sort of uncomputable prior that doesn't apply to SI priors? Or am I simply confused somehow? (I'm certainly no expert on this subject.)
SI belongs to a class of priors that could be described as "almost computable" in a certain technical sense. The term is lower-semicomputable semimeasure. An interesting thing about SI is that it's also optimal (up to a constant) within its own class, not just better than all puny computable priors. The uncomputable prior you mention does not belong to that class, in some sense it's "more uncomputable" than SI.