I agree about Engines of Cognition. It got me really interested in the parallels between information theory and thermodynamics and led me to start reading a lot more about the former, including the classic Jaynes papers. I think it gave me a deeper understanding of why e.g. the Carnot limit holds, and let me to read about the interesting discovery that the thermodynamic availability (extractable work) of a system is equal to its Kullback-Leibler divergence (a generalization of informational entropy) from its environment.
Second for me would have to be Artificial Addition, which helped me understand why attempts to "trick" a system into displaying intelligence are fundamentally misguided.
My current plan does still call for me to write a rationality book - at some point, and despite all delays - which means I have to decide what goes in the book, and what doesn't. Obviously the vast majority of my OB content can't go into the book, because there's so much of it.
So let me ask - what was the one thing you learned from my posts on Overcoming Bias, that stands out as most important in your mind? If you like, you can also list your numbers 2 and 3, but it will be understood that any upvotes on the comment are just agreeing with the #1, not the others. If it was striking enough that you remember the exact post where you "got it", include that information. If you think the most important thing is for me to rewrite a post from Robin Hanson or another contributor, go ahead and say so. To avoid recency effects, you might want to take a quick glance at this list of all my OB posts before naming anything from just the last month - on the other hand, if you can't remember it even after a year, then it's probably not the most important thing.
Please also distinguish this question from "What was the most frequently useful thing you learned, and how did you use it?" and "What one thing has to go into the book that would (actually) make you buy a copy of that book for someone else you know?" I'll ask those on Saturday and Sunday.
PS: Do please think of your answer before you read the others' comments, of course.