Yes. For instance, the proportion of black Americans who use illegal drugs is well below the proportion of white Americans who do; however, black Americans are heavily overrepresented in illegal drugs arrests, convictions, and prison sentences. The arrest rates indicate that the law-enforcement system "believes" that black Americans use illegal drugs more — a statistical trend which isn't there.
Another way of thinking about these issues, rather than talking about "discrimination against ", is "privilege held by ". This can describe the same thing but in terms which can cast a different (and sometimes useful) light on it.
For instance, one could say " people are harassed by police when they hang out in public parks." However, this could be taken as raising the question of what those people are doing in those parks to attract police attention — which would be privileging the hypothesis (no pun intended). Another way of describing the same situation, without privileging the hypothesis, is " people get to hang out in public parks without the police taking interest."
The arrest rates indicate that the law-enforcement system "believes" that black Americans use illegal drugs more — a statistical trend which isn't there.
In fact your interpretation is wrong. It is not "the law-enforcement system "believes"" that blacks use more. It is that blacks are more often dealers, and it is easier to get a conviction or plea bargain as a user than as a dealer, since the latter requires intent as well as possession and will be fought harder because of higher penalties.
If it's worth saying, but not worth its own post (even in Discussion), then it goes here.
(I plan to make these threads from now on. Downvote if you disapprove. If I miss one, feel free to do it yourself.)