Now here's my question: If you had to estimate their characters, values and personalities, wouldn't you be able to attribute more meaning to the Deterministic element, instead of the one left to partial randomness? The partially random element would indeed completely mislead you in regards to Alice's decision process.
I don't see how any of that is relevant to FW. Firstly, you are not contrasting deterministic decision making by an individual with stochastic decision making by an individual; the stochastic decision is supplied by someone else. It is not a roll of one's personal die, with ones personal values pasted onto its sides. The selection of choices is arbitrary and unconnected with Alice and Bob's values.
Secondly, your notion of meaning, or information content is one that hinges on how much information an external observver csn get out of someone's else's choice. That is quite orthogonal to the issue of whether FW makes your choices more meaningful to you.
Perhaps you think determinstic decisions are expressive of an individual's psychology, because they can be predicted from an individuals psychology. But if you can predict someone's decisions, why should they believe that have nonetheless made a free choice?
You assign good connotations to "stops there" and bad connotations to "one link in a very long chain". But when I speak about "meaning", I don't mean 'good meaning' or 'bad meaning', I mean the amount of measurable information we can derive from the choice in question. Meaning as a metric which could theoretically be measurable in bits. And there's 0 bits of information that can be derived from a truly random element. But from "one link in a very long chains" we can derive bits of information about both the past and the future -- what the person may have likely done in the past, what they're likely to choose in the future.
And what' that got to do with free choice?
But if you can predict someone's decisions, why should they believe that have nonetheless made a free choice?
Someone being free is always understood to mean something roughly equal to "able to act according to one's own desires", it doesn't mean "unpredictable".
I'm participating in a university course on free will. On the online forum, someone asked me to summarise Eliezer's solution to the free will problem, and I did it like this. Is it accurate in this form? How should I change it?
“I'll try to summarise Yudkowsky's argument.
As Anneke pointed out, it's kinda difficult to decide what the concept of free will means. How would particles or humans behave differently if they had free will compared to if they didn't? It doesn't seem like our argument is about what we actually expect to see happening.
This is similar to arguing about whether a tree falling in a deserted forest makes any noise. If two people are arguing about this, they probably agree that if we put a microphone in the forest, it would pick up vibrations. And they also agree that no-one is having the sense experience of hearing the tree fall. So they're arguing over what 'sound' means. Yudkowsky proposes a psychological reason why people may have that particular confusion, based on how human brains work.
So with respect to free will, we can instead ask the question, “Why would humans feel like they have free will?” If we can answer this well enough, then hopefully we can dissolve the original question.
It feels like I choose between some of my possible futures. I can imagine waking up tomorrow and going to my Engineering lecture, or staying in my room and using Facebook. Both of those imaginings feel equally 'possible'.
Humans execute a decision making algorithm which is fairly similar to the following one.
List all your possible actions. For my lecture example, that was “Go to lecture” and “Stay home.”
Predict the state of the universe after pretending that you will take each possible action. We end up with “Buck has learnt stuff but not Facebooked” and “Buck has not learnt stuff but has Facebooked.”
Decide which is your favourite outcome. In this case, I'd rather have learnt stuff. So that's option 2.
Execute the action associated with the best outcome. In this case, I'd go to my lecture.
Note that the above algorithm can be made more complex and powerful, for example by incorporating probability and quantifying your preferences as a utility function.
As humans, our brains need the capacity to pretend that we could choose different things, so that we can imagine the outcomes, and pick effectively. The way our brain implements this is by considering those possible worlds which we could reach through our choices, and by treating them as possible.
So now we have a fairly convincing explanation of why it would feel like we have free will, or the ability to choose between various actions: it's how our decision making algorithm feels from the inside.”