Anna Salamon and I are confused. Both of us notice ourselves rationalizing on pretty much a daily basis and have to apply techniques like the Litany of Tarski pretty regularly. But in several of our test sessions for teaching rationality, a handful of people report never rationalizing and seem to have little clue what Tarski is for. They don't relate to any examples we give, whether fictitious or actual personal examples from our lives. Some of these people show signs of being rather high-level rationalists overall, although some don't.
I don't remember the experience, but it sounds like a collection of absent-minded system 1 responses that build on each other, there doesn't appear to be a preferred direction to them. This is also the characterization from the comment itself:
As I understand, "rationalization" refers to something like optimization of thoughts in the direction of a preferred conclusion, not to any kind of thinking under a misconception. If I believe something wrong, of course I'll be building on the wrong thing and making further wrong conclusions, until I notice that it's wrong.