You mean the Nurnberg trials?

One blatant example, yes.

The goodness of those progresses has, from my point of view, nothing to do with material prosperity

I wasn't talking about material prosperity necessarily, I was talking about prosperity, formidableness in the sense you defined:

Are actually healthy structural improvements in a society, and make it more fit to achieve any goal it sets its collective mind to. At least in terms of productivity, both economical and intellectual.

And even said so:

improvements in the sense you have defined

You also included an economic aspect, but it seemed to me the bolded part was the key. Perhaps the word prosperity threw you off? I didn't mean to use it in a primarily material sense, so I went and checked if I didn't perhaps misuse it (I am not a native speaker).

Prosperity is the state of flourishing, thriving, good fortune and / or successful social status. [1] Prosperity often encompasses wealth but also includes others factors which are independent of wealth to varying degrees, such as happiness and health.