The last level of metaphor in the Alice books is this: that life, viewed rationally and without illusion, appears to be a nonsense tale told by an idiot mathematician. At the heart of things science finds only a mad, never-ending quadrille of Mock Turtle Waves and Gryphon Particles. For a moment the waves and particles dance in grotesque, inconceivably complex patterns capable of reflecting on their own absurdity.
Leaving aside the dubiousness of calling the way the universe actually works "nonsense" and "mad": It seems very, very, very unlikely that anything in Lewis Carroll's writings was a metaphor for quantum mechanics. He died in 1898.
(I suppose something can be used as a metaphor for quantum mechanics without having been intended as one, though.)
Here's the new thread for posting quotes, with the usual rules: