I think we don't just lack introspective access to our goals, but can't be said to have goals at all (in the sense of preference ordering over some well defined ontology, attached to some decision theory that we're actually running). For the kind of pseudo-goals we have (behavior tendencies and semantically unclear values expressed in natural language), they don't seem to have the motivational strength to make us think "I should keep my goal G1 instead of avoiding arbitrariness", nor is it clear what it would mean to "keep" such pseudo-goals as one self-improves.

What if it's the case that evolution always or almost always produces agents like us, so the only way they can get real goals in the first place is via philosophy?