Sure. A common source of bugs is that different developers or other stakeholders have different expectations. I say "this variable is height in feet", and you assume it's meters. I forget to synchronize access to a piece of state accessed from multiple threads. I get over-cautious and add too much synchronization, leading to deadlock. I forget to handle the case where a variable is null.

None of those feel like cognitive biases, all are either common or infamous bugs.