I read this as a schoolchild in the U.S. I remember it making an impression, and can still quote the last stanza. Jarrell's Death of the Ball Turret Gunner even more so. Though it's hard to know what that really means in terns of effects.

Edit: And then of course there's Kipling's Tommy. I frequently misquote
'For it's Tommy this, an' Tommy that, an' "Chuck him out, the brute!"
But it's "Thin red line of 'eroes" when the guns begin to shoot;"
...when I'm feeling particularly cynical about the social construction of heroism.