Yvain comments on [SEQ RERUN] Three Fallacies of Teleology - Less Wrong
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A different way of summarizing telos that may be helpful when discussing this topic is that an object or agent fulfilling it's telos is supposed to be the most fully itself. So, for Aquinas and Aristotle, because the quality that most clearly sets off the category 'human' is "a reasoning animal" actions that interfere with that part of human identity are unnatural and interfere with telos.
This framing is perhaps a little easier to tie back to the last two rereads on Unnatural Categories and Magical Categories since then telos is linked to a partitioning of conceptspace.
One of the most interesting places I've seen "the x-iest x" outside of telos discussions is in Turing Tests, where one of the human controls wins a prize for "the most human human" (i.e. the human that was most frequently rated as human by the judges). There's a book out by one of the contestants, who set out to win that prize. Apparently, one fairly successful strategy is being belligerent. Not the most encouraging result, but interesting.
When Charlton Heston was on the Planet of the Apes and he found that human beings were no longer differentiated by their reasoning powers (which were sub-par) but by their hairlessness, should he have devoted his life to keeping exceptionally well-shaved?
(this question brought to you by my continuing confusion with teleology)
I posted answers, so far as I have them, to your questions in the linked discussion.
Very many thanks!
I might end up saying that reasoning was still the ne plus ultra and that apes and humans had a lot of overlapping telos. Apes and humans might end up like men and women or like Einstein and normal people; there are other salient differences, but the ability to reason would still be the thing you'd pare off last. (People would be more likely to recognize a hairy human as human than one that didn't claim to be conscious).