From Wikipedia:
A main priority for the CRO is to ensure that the organisation is in full compliance with applicable regulations (chief compliance officer). They may also deal with topics regarding insurance, internal auditing, corporate investigations, fraud, and information security.
Unfortunately, this description is missing the point. Main existential risks come from the inside, like over-optimistic projections, sunk cost-based decisions, NIH syndrome behavior, rotting corporate culture, etc.
I see your point here, although I will say that decision science is ideally a major component in the skill set for any person in a management position. That being said, what's being proposed in the article here seems to be distinct from what you're driving at.
Managing cognitive biases within an institution doesn't necessarily overlap with the sort of measures being discussed. A wide array of statistical tools and metrics isn't directly relevant to, e.g. battling sunk-cost fallacy or NIH. More relevant to that problem set would be a strong knowledge of kno...
Stanford Professor Sam Savage (also of Probability Management) proposes that large firms appoint a "Chief Probability Officer." Here is a description from Douglas Hubbard's How to Measure Anything, ch. 6:
Hubbard adds some of his own ideas to the proposal: