Epiphany comments on Open Thread, October 16-31, 2012 - Less Wrong
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I'm having a pretty intense reaction to reading certain articles and could use some support or a solution:
Here's what I read and my reactions:
Feynman's Cargo Cult Science (Which is about how a lot of scientific studies are done badly, often due to researchers not being allowed to do the research correctly.)
The PLOS Medicine article "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False"
An article about how psychologists aren't usually using the treatments most supported by science which links to a document that contains a horrifying account:
http://www.psychologicalscience.org/journals/pspi/inpress/baker.pdf
I'm having a variety of reactions:
What meaning is there in doing anything (being a doctor or a psychologist for instance... or any number of other professions) if we can't even trust the research or the schooling? How can I make a difference in the world or do anything useful with no real knowledge? How do you find meaning, LessWrong?
Thank goodness I found this place. I am in love with the glimmers of sanity I see here. Before I found LessWrong I was just kind of... "WTF humanity is a mess." Now it's more like "WTF humanity is a mess but at least there's a group of people trying not to be." If anyone is up to describing this wonderful and horrible feeling in their own words, I could really use to feel related to about this.
Do you know of a website where one can look up a piece of research to see what flaws it has? Is one planned? I need this because it would take a very long time for me to read enough on each relevant topic to discover whether a piece of research I want to use is flawed or not. For instance, Feynman explained about how lots of studies have been done with mazes and rats, but people didn't seem to realize that the rats were using methods to find the food that were unexpected and all sorts of stuff has to be controlled for ranging from the scent of food to the type of flooring in the maze. If you don't know that all of these things need to be controlled for, you won't know that the vast majority of studies done on putting rats into mazes are useless. It's simply not realistic to expect ourselves to be able to single handedly give every single study we read a thorough enough review to detect all the flaws. I love research, but I now feel that it's futile. Does anyone know a solution? I know that peer reviewed journals are supposed to address this type of problem, but I don't see the online studies that I find being rated or marked as flawed in an obvious way.
suddenly thinks of a coping strategy
Wikipedia addresses this... I was just reading the wiki on the Paleo diet and saw a bunch of stuff about repeatability and study relevance like:
I realize Wikipedia isn't credible for citing or anything but I feel heartened because:
I bet they often link to a credible meta-analysis, making it easier to find them (I've been told by Gwern that one way of coping with this is to read a meta-analysis because it gives you a number of advantages over reading individual pieces of research).
It serves as a method for finding out about some of the flaws you need to look for when reading studies on the topic.
It often lists a collection of relevant research, which can save time.
It might be a good starting point for creating your own thorough reviews of studies because a lot of things will already have been hashed out, so it's just a matter of verifying that what's there is correct, which should save time if you build on it.
Hm...
Wikipedia is not a perfect solution but I think this will help me cope.
.oO I wonder if there are features that could be added to Wikipedia that would encourage the entries to transform into credible meta-analyses...
A very good Wikipedia article will be equivalent to a review article, but such an article isn't a meta-analysis: it doesn't include only studies which can be boiled down to a few summary statistics like d. There's also little way of being sure that the article is comprehensive and unbiased - one reason meta-analyses usually make a point of how they did a big search on Pubmed and looked through hundreds of results etc.
I don't know what features could be added to deal with either problem. Any meta-analyses tucked into WP articles would be rightly considered Original Research.