I'm not trying to draw the line between institution building and charity. I'm only saying that US government (federal and state) discretionary spending(1) per person below the poverty line is a funky and worthless statistic.
Taking it seriously seems to imply that the value of institutions is realized only by those below the poverty line, with no benefit to the middle class or the wealth. And the statistic obfuscates the fact that the direct purpose of many of the programs is not poverty alleviation or reduction. We may hope for indirect benefits - the rising tide lifts all boats. But the programs I mentioned would be worthwhile even if they did nothing to reduce poverty.
In short, the article is a mindkilled talking point, and deserves criticism for that reason alone.
(1) Just to be clear, discretionary spending (I think this is what the article is referencing) has a technical meaning: it excludes defense and Social Security spending (maybe also Medicaid). Discretionary spending is roughly 30-40% of federal spending.
Nitpick: I believe that defense is discretionary and medicare is mandatory. The distinction is a bit phony though, since congress can change mandatory spending by statute, and Congress has only limited real maneuvering room to radically alter the Federal workforce (discretionary) from year to year.
http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/over-60000-welfare-spentper-household-poverty_657889.html
60000 dollars per year per poor family, if the article is correct.