(See clarification in the grandparent)
Isn't your present self the determinant of your terminal values? The blueprint you compare against? Isn't it a tautology that your current utility function is the utility function of your present self?
If so, if at any one point in time you desire to reprogram a part of your own utility function, wouldn't that desire in itself mean that such a change is already a justified part of your present utility function?
If there is some tension between your conscious desires ("I want to feel this or that way about this or that") and your "subconscious" desires, why should that not be resolved in favor of your conscious choice?
If you consciously want to want X, but subconsciously want Y, who says which part of you takes precedence, and which is the "systematically wrong" part?
There is a difference between (say) becoming skilled at mathematics, and arbitrarily becoming convinced that you are, when in fact that doesn't happen. Both are changes in state of your mind, both are effected by thinking, but there are also truth conditions on beliefs about the state of mind. If you merely start believing that your values include X, that doesn't automatically make it so. The fact of whether your values include X is a separate phenomenon from your belief about whether they do. The problem is when you become convinced that you value X, and ...
Many people see themselves in various groups (member of the population of their home country, or their social network), and feel justified in caring more about the well-being of people in this group than about that of others. They will argue with reciprocity: "Those people pay taxes in our country, they are entitled to more support from 'us' than others!" My question is: Is this inconsistent with some rationality axioms that seem obvious? What often-adopted or reasonable axioms are there that make this inconsistent?