I agree that reminding yourself that your reasoning powers have diminished as you become strongly emotional, is a useful measure.
Needs clarification though. by "doing something wrong" do you mean 'thought something incorrect, self defeating, or unhelpful', or 'taken an action which is considered by others or society as "wrong"'?
The former is true AFAICS (see Cognitive Behaviour Therapy). The latter is definitely not (no particular correlation, and can even occur when doing things that are considered good/ the right thing to do.).
Whatever the case, currently it's rather open to the interpretation 'when I feel bad, I did something wrong'; a misapprehension that's all too common.
"doing something wrong" = didn't maximize my payoff.
I'm not as smart as I like to think I am. Knowing that, I've gotten into a habit of trying to work out as many general principles as I can ahead of time, so that when I actually need to think of something, I've already done as much of the work as I can.
What are your most useful cached thoughts?
A few of the rules-of-thumb I've already pre-cached include:
That should be a reasonable but not overwhelming sample of the sorts of ideas I mean, and am hoping to evoke more of with this post.