I imagine you could look at variations in mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosones to find out to some degree. No idea what that data shows though. IT sounds like the original author is trying to make a social point not a factual one about evolution.
EDIT Also, for most of history wouldn't the majority of both men and women never reproduce at all as they died before reaching reproductive age?
you won't find how many had children by finding Adam and Eve, you'll find the first antecessor of all. maybe you'll find correlated things.
There's an idea I've seen a number of times that 80% of women have had descendants, but only 40% of men. A little research tracked it back to this, but the speech doesn't have a cite and I haven't found a source.
The reproduction rates for men and women (possibly for the whole history of the species) seems like the sort of thing which could be found out, but I'd like more solid information.