Your analysis is pretty much spot on.

It's interesting to me that you say your hearing and language modules are independent. I mean, it's reasonably obvious that this has to be possible - deaf people do have language - but it's absolutely impossible for me to separate the two, at least in one direction; I can't deal with language without 'hearing' it.

And I just checked; it doesn't appear I can multitask and examine non-language sounds while I'm using language, either. For comparison, I absolutely can (re)use e.g. visual modules while I'm writing this, although it gets really messy if I try to do so while remaining conscious of what they're doing - that's not actually required, though.

Aside from your sensory modules, what other module(s) do you have?

Well... my introspection isn't really good enough to tell, and it's really more of a zeroth-approximation model than something I have a lot of confidence in. That said, I suspect the question doesn't have an answer even in principle; that there's no clear border between two adjacent subsystems, so it depends on where you want to draw the line. It doesn't help that some elements of my thinking almost certainly only exist as a property of the communication between other systems, not as a physical piece of meat in itself, and I can't really tell which is which.

Am I correct in thinking that you still require at least one module in order to think (but that can be any one module)?

I think if it was just one, I wouldn't really be conscious of it. But that's not what you asked, so the answer is "Probably yes".

When your modules share information, what form does that information take?

I'm very tempted to say "conscious experience", here, but I have no real basis for that other than a hunch. I'm not sure I can give you a better answer, though. Feelings, visual input (or "hallucinations"), predictions of how people or physical systems will behave, plans - not embedded in any kind of visualization, just raw plans - etc. etc. And before you ask what that's like, it's a bit like asking what a Python dictionary feels like.. though emotions aren't much involved, at that level; those are separate.

The one common theme is that there's always at least one meta-level of thought associated. Not just "Here's a plan", but "Here's a plan, and oh by the way, here's what everyone else in the tightly knit community you like to call a brain thinks of the plan. In particular, "memory" here just pattern-matched it to something you read in a novel, which didn't work, but then again a different segment is pointing out that fictional evidence is fictional."

...without the words, of course.

So the various ideas get bounced back and forth between various segments of my mind, and that bouncing is what I'm aware of. Never the base idea, but all the thinking about the idea... well, it wouldn't really make sense to be "aware of the base idea" if I wasn't thinking about it.

Sight is something else again. It certainly feels like I'm aware of my entire visual field, but I'm at least half convinced that's an illusion. I'm in a prime position to fool myself about that.