The standard model is over here, see page 36: http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/0610241v1.pdf
I will not make you pay for the presumably absurd amount of data required for the initial state of >10^(82) atoms.
You don't have any atoms in the initial state - nor anything that can reasonably be called matter. My (very ignorant) guess is that we won't even know what it takes to specify the initial state before we have a unified GR+QFT theory.
According to string theory (which is a Universal theory in the sense that it is Turing-complete) the landscape of possible Universes is 2^500 or so, which leads to 500 bits of information.
If one wishes to describe oneself in a particular universe, then, assuming MWI, fixing the universe is peanuts, complexity-wise, compared to fixing the appropriate Everett branch. The number of bits there is just astounding, it would seem to me.
The standard model is over here, see page 36: http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-th/0610241v1.pdf
Uh, wow, that's a somewhat large equation. It has like 500 terms. Seems... inconsistent with physicists seeing beauty in physics.
In the post Complexity and Intelligence, Eliezer says that the Kolmogorov Complexity (length of shortest equivalent computer program) of the laws of physics is about 500 bits:
Where did this 500 come from?
I googled around for estimates on the Kolmogorov Complexity of the laws of physics, but didn't find anything. Certainly nothing as concrete as 500.
I asked about it on the physics stack exchange, but haven't received any answers as of yet.
I considered estimating it myself, but doing that well involves significant time investment. I'd need to learn the standard model well enough to write a computer program that simulated it (however inefficiently or intractably, it's the program length that matters not it's time or memory performance).
Based on my experience programming, I'm sure it wouldn't take a million bits. Probably less than ten thousand. The demo scene does some pretty amazing things with 4096 bits. But 500 sounds like a teeny tiny amount to mention off hand for fitting the constants, the forces, the particles, and the mathematical framework for doing things like differential equations. The fundamental constants alone are going to consume ~20-30 bits each.
Does anyone have a reference, or even a more worked-through example of an estimate?