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Douglas_Knight comments on Questions and comments about Eliezer's Dec. 2 2013 Oxford speech - Less Wrong
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Do you have a source for the quantitative variation of myelination between vertebrates, and not just the binary question of some have it (vertebrates), some don't?
Do you have a source for connection count varying between species?
Here's evidence that axonal diameter grows as brains grow, and that axonal diameter is important for conduction speed.
If you read that article, you will realize that the degree of myelination in a species will depend on how fast conduction they need, since if conduction speed is not taken into account, nonmyelinated fibers are much cheaper to have.
I didn't have a source at hand for variation of connection count, but found this.
"The neocortex undergoes a complex transformation from mouse to whale. Whereas synapse density remains the same, neuron density decreases as a function of gray matter volume to the power of around −1/3."
This means that synapse count per neuron varies considerably between species.
A public version of the third link
Thanks.