In his last paragraph, he makes the following controversial statement:

For yet another consequence of understanding that the target ability is qualitatively different is that, since humans have it and apes do not, the information for how to achieve it must be encoded in the relatively tiny number of differences between the DNA of humans and that of chimpanzees.

I remember Eliezer making the same point in a bloggingheads video with Robin Hanson. I believe Hanson's position (although I watched this years ago, and I may be confabulating) was that our intelligence works via the same kludge as other animals and we got better results mostly by developing a better talent for social transmission.

That idea makes a lot of sense to me. I recall reading that chimpanzees have at various times invented more advanced tools (e.g. using spears to hunt bush babies )--but they seem to spread the methods by accident rather than deliberate teaching. New chimpanzee technologies don't seem to persist as they do for humans.

ETA: I looked it up, and I couldn't find a Hanson/Yudkowsky bloggingheads. I'm not sure if it was taken down or if the video was not done through bloggingheads.