Harry relates to AI because he is a disruptively intelligent force using his superior intelligence in ways totally unexpected and supposedly impossible to the existing wizarding populace. Nothing to do with feedback loops, more the "general relativity from a video of an apple falling" stuff. And his unpredictability terrifies even Quirrell, who he has clearly surpassed on some dimensions if not others.

I don't think TDT will be mentioned explicitly, but Harry's use of time-turners has been building in complexity. I think the time is ripe for him to break the supposed rules, just like he broke the rules of Patronuses and transfiguration. And it seems like Timeless decision making first perfectly with Time Turners.