By learning, I actually mean

The act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing, existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information

My experience is in math (and the prof in question taught math), which is fairly light on the memorization. Sure, you memorize definitions, but most of the effort is in internalizing new ways of thinking about things. Like, the derivation of the quadratic formula doesn't contain any new information to memorize, and I definitely didn't memorize the steps, but when I learned it, I spent a bunch of time looking at what the steps were, why they were legal, and why we decided to use those particular manipulations to solve the problem, and internalizing those things. And after doing enough stuff like that, I'd try to internalize some new stuff, and my brain would say "No!" And then I stopped.

ETA: I'm not sure if I'd call that memorization. I'm certainly talking about putting things in your head that weren't there before, but it's not the type of thing you could easily make into an Anki card.