Remembering that teaching people about biases can be harmful, I would probably stay with something like: "keep thinking for five minutes", "leave yourself a line of retreat", and maybe something about politics being a mindkiller (to make people less guilty if their solution to a problem includes something that doesn't belong to their party's slogans: cooperation, charity, competition, market,...).

But as an instrumentally useful thing, I would teach people using Anki and wikidpad, and a simplified version of GTD. There would be some theory about how computer is your extended memory and good note-making leaves you more free working memory for thinking; and how human memory and spaced repetition works (for things that cannot be handled by making notes, such as learning a foreign language). As a practical exercise I would give students some information printed on paper that they would have to put into the software. A list of foreign words and grammar for Anki, some know-how and contacts for wikidpad, and some projects and ideas for wikidpad in GTD style. At the end, I would make them think about their own plans, and prepare GTD projects for those.