A few that have already been mentioned (doug hubbard and nate silver being among the top). In addition:
Simon Wardley (amazing empirical models on business strategy)
Examine.com (amazing empirical work on supplements)
Charles Munger (probably one of the most rational businessmen operating today)
Cal Newport (Awesome work on mastery)
Scott Young (Great work on learning)
Kevin Hillstrom (retail strategy)
Billy Murphy (his article on expected value is incredible)
Avi Deitcher (More awesome business startegy)
Eugine Wei (design and startup culture)
Quick summary: "Hidden rationalists" are what I call authors who espouse rationalist principles, and probably think of themselves as rational people, but don't always write on "traditional" Less Wrong-ish topics and probably haven't heard of Less Wrong.
I've noticed that a lot of my rationalist friends seem to read the same ten blogs, and while it's great to have a core set of favorite authors, it's also nice to stretch out a bit and see how everyday rationalists are doing cool stuff in their own fields of expertise. I've found many people who push my rationalist buttons in fields of interest to me (journalism, fitness, etc.), and I'm sure other LWers have their own people in their own fields.
So I'm setting up this post as a place to link to/summarize the work of your favorite hidden rationalists. Be liberal with your suggestions!
Another way to phrase this: Who are the people/sources who give you the same feelings you get when you read your favorite LW posts, but who many of us probably haven't heard of?
Here's my list, to kick things off: