Hi, biomedical engineering undergrad here. I have to go review some materials before I can give you a more precise answer to the question you're interested in, but my first thought upon reading this is that it's not just a matter of structural makeup, but mainly one of patterns of electrical activity in the brain. Most studies I've seen that touched upon high-level concepts like emotions, attention, or interest used fMRI scans to correlate brain activity in certain areas with exposure to certain stimuli. I'm not sure how much this says about the problem of consciousness, but if it is relevant, then you have an additional parameter to consider other than spatial resolution -- namely, time.
Beyond the hypothermia angle, also, big shocks to the brain have been survived.
To all my physicists in the house, will it ever be possible for a device to scan the contents of a human head at the molecular level (say, 5 x 5 x 5nm) while the subject is still alive? I don't have a physics background, so if you could also just point me to the materials I need to read to be able to answer the question, that would be wonderful as well.
The background: I want to live to see the far future and so I'm researching the feasibility of alternatives to cryonics that'll let people "back up" themselves at regular intervals rather than at the point of death. If this is even theoretically possible then I can direct my time and donations towards medical imaging researchers. If not then I'll continue to support cryonics and plastination research.
I'm looking forward to your responses!