The paragraph in question doesn't talk about a cognitive bias. It talks about how the feeling of a model not matching a story is too weak.
Evolution didn't design us. As such the phrase "design flaw" isn't meant to be taking 100% literally. For the purpose that Eliezer uses the word in that context being supoptimal for our times is enough.
I am a newbie so today I read the article by Eliezer Yudkowski "Your Strength As A Rationalist" which helped me understand the focus of LessWrong, but I respectfully disagreed with a line that is written in the last paragraph:
So this was my comment in the article's comment section which I bring here for discussion:
Edit 1: I realize there is change in the environment and that may make some of our cognitive biases, which were useful in the past, to be obsolete. If the word "flaw" is also applicable to describe something that is obsolete then I was wrong above. If not, I prefer the word obsolete to characterize cognitive biases that are no longer functional for our preservation.