This year's biggest scientific achievements

Elo

For our solstice event I tried to put together a list of this year’s biggest scientific achievements. They can likely all be looked up with a bit of searching and each one is worthy of a celebration in their own right. But mostly I want to say; we have come a long way this year. And we have a long way to go.

I tried to include science and technology in this list, but really anything world-scale (non-politics or natural disaster) is worthy of celebrating.

Rosetta mission lands on a comet

using young blood to fight old age (rats)

kinghorn human sequencing machines (Sydney relevant)

100,000 genomes project

the world's oldest cave art @ 40,000 years old

tesla battery//released their patents on their electric engines for use by anyone.

Virtual reality (cardboard)

Astronauts growing their own food

Self driving cars

cubesats

Lab grown kidneys successfully implanted into animals

synthetic DNA

Chicken with a reptile face

nearly an altzeimers cure (ultrasound techniques)

DAWN orbits Ceres

Deepdreaming machine learning (and twitch-deepdream)

Prosthetic limbs that transmit feeling back to the user

Autonomous rocket landing pointy end up

Lightsail project

Ion space travel engine

Anti - aging virus injected into the patient 0

Super black substance made

Q-carbon

High temperature superconductor (-70c)

23&me were allowed to open back up

Enchroma colourblindness adjusting glasses

Google releases "Tensor Flow" which whilst its not very good at the moment has the potential to centralize the Deep Learning libraries.

CRISPR's ability to change the germ line.

Deep Dreaming, but also image generation. Faces generated, bedrooms generated and even a toilet in a field. Its clear that within the next few years you will have pictures entirely generated by Neural Nets. (Code: https://github.com/soumith/dcgan.torch).

On the NLP side of deep learning this post, which whilst not using new techniques, sparked a lot of generative work (http://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/). There has also been really interesting work on Question Answering (http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.02075)

Quasipolynomial time algorithm for graph isomorphism (http://jeremykun.com/2015/11/12/a-quasipolynomial-time-algorithm-for-graph-isomorphism-the-details/)

from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015

April 29 – The World Health Organization (WHO) declares that rubella has been eradicated from the Americas.

July 14 - NASA's New Horizons spacecraft performs a close flyby of Pluto, becoming the first spacecraft in history to visit the distant world.

September 10 – Scientists announce the discovery of Homo naledi, a previously unknown species of early human in South Africa.

September 28 – NASA announces that liquid water has been found on Mars.

Recommendations from the slack:

china makes a genetically modified micropig and sells it: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/03/micropig-animal-rights-genetics-china-pets-outrage

psyc studies can’t be reproduced: http://www.theverge.com/2015/8/27/9216565/psychology-studies-reproducability-issues

zoom contact lenses

http://mic.com/articles/118670/this-painless-eye-implant-could-give-you-superhuman-vision#.4S5ihAKNE

room temperature synthetic diamonds

http://phys.org/news/2015-11-phase-carbon-diamond-room-temperature.html

Notable deaths

terry pratchett passed away

malcolm fraser

John Forbes Nash Jr

Oliver Sacks

Christopher lee

Nobel medals this year

Chemistry – Paul L. Modrich; Aziz Sancar and Tomas Lindahl ("for mechanistic studies of DNA repair")

Economics – Angus Deaton ("for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare")

Literature – Svetlana Alexievich ("for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time" )

Peace – Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet ("for its decisive contribution to the building of a pluralistic democracy in Tunisia in the wake of the Jasmine Revolution of 2011")

Physics – Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B. McDonald ("for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass")

Physiology or Medicine – William C Campbell, Satoshi Ōmura ("for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites") and Tu Youyou ("for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against Malaria"[116])

Other:

The dress

Ebola outbreak

Polio came back

(also this year) - upcoming spaceX return flight on the 19th dec

runner up: vat meat is almost ready.

runner up: soylent got a lot better this year

runner up: quantum computing having progressive developments but nothing specific

Things that happened 100 years ago (from wikipedia):

March 19 – Pluto is photographed for the first time
September 11 – The Pennsylvania Railroad begins electrified commuter rail service between Paoli and Philadelphia, using overhead AC trolley wires for power. This type of system is later used in long-distance passenger trains between New York City, Washington, D.C., and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
November 25 – Einstein's theory of general relativity is formulated.
Alfred Wegener publishes his theory of Pangaea.

Birth:

Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2008)
Charles Townes, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
August 27 – Norman F. Ramsey, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
Clifford Shull, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
November 19 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)

Deaths:

Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1854)
December 19 – Alois Alzheimer, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist (b. 1864)

Nobel Prizes:

Chemistry – Richard Willstätter
Literature – Romain Rolland
Medicine – not awarded
Peace – not awarded
Physics – William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg

Meta - This list was compiled for Sydney’s Solstice event; I figured I would share this because it’s pretty neat.

Time to compose: 3-4hrs

With comments from the IRC and slack

To see more of my posts visit my Table of contents

As usual; any suggestions welcome below.

I tried to include science and technology in this list, but really anything world-scale (non-politics or natural disaster) is worthy of celebrating.

Rosetta mission lands on a comet

using young blood to fight old age (rats)

kinghorn human sequencing machines (Sydney relevant)

100,000 genomes project

the world's oldest cave art @ 40,000 years old

tesla battery//released their patents on their electric engines for use by anyone.

Virtual reality (cardboard)

Astronauts growing their own food

Self driving cars

cubesats

Lab grown kidneys successfully implanted into animals

synthetic DNA

Chicken with a reptile face

nearly an altzeimers cure (ultrasound techniques)

DAWN orbits Ceres

Deepdreaming machine learning (and twitch-deepdream)

Prosthetic limbs that transmit feeling back to the user

Autonomous rocket landing pointy end up

Lightsail project

Ion space travel engine

Anti - aging virus injected into the patient 0

Super black substance made

Q-carbon

High temperature superconductor (-70c)

23&me were allowed to open back up

Enchroma colourblindness adjusting glasses

Google releases "Tensor Flow" which whilst its not very good at the moment has the potential to centralize the Deep Learning libraries.

CRISPR's ability to change the germ line.

Deep Dreaming, but also image generation. Faces generated, bedrooms generated and even a toilet in a field. Its clear that within the next few years you will have pictures entirely generated by Neural Nets. (Code: https://github.com/soumith/dcgan.torch).

On the NLP side of deep learning this post, which whilst not using new techniques, sparked a lot of generative work (http://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/). There has also been really interesting work on Question Answering (http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.02075)

Quasipolynomial time algorithm for graph isomorphism (http://jeremykun.com/2015/11/12/a-quasipolynomial-time-algorithm-for-graph-isomorphism-the-details/)

from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015

April 29 – The World Health Organization (WHO) declares that rubella has been eradicated from the Americas.

July 14 - NASA's New Horizons spacecraft performs a close flyby of Pluto, becoming the first spacecraft in history to visit the distant world.

September 10 – Scientists announce the discovery of Homo naledi, a previously unknown species of early human in South Africa.

September 28 – NASA announces that liquid water has been found on Mars.

Recommendations from the slack:

china makes a genetically modified micropig and sells it: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/03/micropig-animal-rights-genetics-china-pets-outrage

psyc studies can’t be reproduced: http://www.theverge.com/2015/8/27/9216565/psychology-studies-reproducability-issues

zoom contact lenses

http://mic.com/articles/118670/this-painless-eye-implant-could-give-you-superhuman-vision#.4S5ihAKNE

room temperature synthetic diamonds

http://phys.org/news/2015-11-phase-carbon-diamond-room-temperature.html

Notable deaths

terry pratchett passed away

malcolm fraser

John Forbes Nash Jr

Oliver Sacks

Christopher lee

Nobel medals this year

Chemistry – Paul L. Modrich; Aziz Sancar and Tomas Lindahl ("for mechanistic studies of DNA repair")

Economics – Angus Deaton ("for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare")

Literature – Svetlana Alexievich ("for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time" )

Peace – Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet ("for its decisive contribution to the building of a pluralistic democracy in Tunisia in the wake of the Jasmine Revolution of 2011")

Physics – Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B. McDonald ("for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass")

Other:

The dress

Ebola outbreak

Polio came back

(also this year) - upcoming spaceX return flight on the 19th dec

runner up: vat meat is almost ready.

runner up: soylent got a lot better this year

runner up: quantum computing having progressive developments but nothing specific

Things that happened 100 years ago (from wikipedia):

March 19 – Pluto is photographed for the first time
September 11 – The Pennsylvania Railroad begins electrified commuter rail service between Paoli and Philadelphia, using overhead AC trolley wires for power. This type of system is later used in long-distance passenger trains between New York City, Washington, D.C., and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
November 25 – Einstein's theory of general relativity is formulated.
Alfred Wegener publishes his theory of Pangaea.

Birth:

Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2008)
Charles Townes, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
August 27 – Norman F. Ramsey, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
Clifford Shull, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
November 19 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)

Deaths:

Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1854)
December 19 – Alois Alzheimer, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist (b. 1864)

Nobel Prizes:

Chemistry – Richard Willstätter
Literature – Romain Rolland
Medicine – not awarded
Peace – not awarded
Physics – William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg

Meta - This list was compiled for Sydney’s Solstice event; I figured I would share this because it’s pretty neat.

Time to compose: 3-4hrs

With comments from the IRC and slack

To see more of my posts visit my Table of contents

As usual; any suggestions welcome below.

Manfred10y00

Quantum computing didn't really have many milestones this year - 2012 (surface error correcting code proposed) and 2014 (I think this is when fidelity of Xmon qbits for surface code was reached, and in fall Google throws money at the Martinis group from UCSB to work on superconducting quantum computers) were definitely bigger years. But sure - we are in the middle of a multi-year event related to quantum computing :P

Elo10y00

I don't want to entirely leave it out... Moving it to the "runner up" section.