However the GMO case is interesting because we have in effect a massive scale natural experiment
Not really, because the two groups differs in many attributes. You can't draw any reliable conclusions from that if you don't know individual consumption. If you could draw that conclusion we could conclude from US bee deaths that GMO's are bad.
But there also no reason to assume that risk from GMO would be equally distributed among different GMO foods. Letting plants produce poisons so that they won't get eaten by insects is likely more risky than doing something to improve drought resistance.
Our ability to manipulate organism increases as time goes on. Organisms where multiple genes are added might be more risky than organisms where only a single gene was added.
Valid arguments against early GMO that they spread antibiotic resistance genes also don't hold against newer GMO's.
While I don't rule out a harmful long-term effect, GMOs are a long way down on my list of things to worry about, and dropping further over time.
Bioengineered pandemics frequently top the LW census as an X-risk concern. Commerical usage of GMO's pays for technology development to produce more capabilities on that front.
Bioengineered pandemics frequently top the LW census as an X-risk concern.
yes.
One difficulty about GMO specifically is that as you said,
But there also no reason to assume that risk from GMO would be equally distributed among different GMO foods
Golden rice - probably fine. Pesticide resistant stuff, probably not as fine for various reasons already published in the public domain.
The problem is when talking about GMO you cover the existing proven bad (and since no longer used) as well as the unproven bad. As well as the good and the unproven good an...
Basically: How does one pursue the truth when direct engagement with evidence is infeasible?
I came to this question while discussing GMO labeling. In this case I am obviously not in a position to experiment for myself, but furthermore: I do not have the time to build up the bank of background understanding to engage vigorously with the study results themselves. I can look at them with a decent secondary education's understanding of experimental method, genetics, and biology, but that is the extent of it.
In this situation I usually find myself reduced to weighing the proclamations of authorities: