I recently had 2 occasions where

- I said X - Someone else said, No, Y - I thought they were wrong - I later realized: Not X, but Z - then went back and looked, and saw Y = Z

In both cases, I didn't understand Y the first time because I had expectations for how X would be misunderstood, and looked for indications of them in Y, and on finding terms and phrases that matched my expectations stopped parsing Y prematurely.