I am very much interested in examples of non-human optimization processes producing working, but surprising solutions. What is most fascinating is how they show human approach is often not the only one and much more alien solutions can be found, which humans are just not capable of conceiving. It is very probable, that more and more such solutions will arise and will slowly make big part of technology ununderstandable by humans.
I present following examples and ask for linking more in comments:
1. Nick Bostrom describes efforts in evolving circuits that would produce oscilloscope and frequency discriminator, that yielded very unorthodox designs:
http://www.damninteresting.com/on-the-origin-of-circuits/
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/r.stow1/jb/publications/Bird_CEC2002.pdf (IV. B. Oscillator Experiments; also C. and D. in that section)
2. Algorithms learns to play NES games with some eerie strategies:
https://youtu.be/qXXZLoq2zFc?t=361 (description by Vsause)
http://hackaday.com/2013/04/14/teaching-a-computer-to-play-mario-seemingly-through-voodoo/ (more info)
3. Eurisko finding unexpected way of winning Traveller TCS stratedy game:
http://aliciapatterson.org/stories/eurisko-computer-mind-its-own
http://www.therpgsite.com/showthread.php?t=14095
Well, yes. I (and not me alone) have evolved bunch of things and keep evolving them.
What shocked even me, is the possibility of evolving 3D crosswords, 7 or 8 characters wide. I mean, there are about 10^400 combinations of English words in such a cube. And maybe 10^100 consistent solutions. I am not aware of any intelligent program which is able to construct one.
Yet, it's possible to artificially evolve one such a crossword per minute on a PC. Digital evolution is an underestimated way for doing things. Why? I don't know and don't even care. I know I don't underestimate it. Never have.
https://protokol2020.wordpress.com/2014/08/02/6x6x6-word-cube/