About a month ago I accidentally found out that the LW idea of quining cooperation is already studied in academia:
1) Moshe Tennenholtz's 2004 paper Program Equilibrium describes the idea of programs cooperating in the Prisoner's Dilemma by inspecting each other's source code.
2) Lance Fortnow's 2009 paper Program Equilibria and Discounted Computation Time describes an analogue of Benja Fallenstein's idea for implementing correlated play, among other things.
3) Peters and Szentes's 2012 paper Definable and Contractible Contracts studies quining cooperation over a wider class of definable (not just computable) functions.
As far as I know, academia still hasn't discovered Loebian cooperation or the subsequent ideas about formal models of UDT, but I might easily be wrong about that. In any case, the episode has given me a mini-crisis of faith, and a new appreciation of academia. That was a big part of the motivation for my previous post.
Other interesting papers I found by checking papers that cited Tennenholtz (2004):
Cognitive Equilibrium:
Adversarial Leakage in Games:
These papers don't seem relevant to quining cooperation because they don't focus on computation or quining. There's no shortage of papers proposing new equilibrium concepts and new games to justify them with, our literature search also turned up many of them, my prior for their usefulness is low.