So I am not sure what exactly this quote demonstrate[s]? That widespread beliefs can be wrong?
Yup. You might think that "prayer might not work even though lots of people think it does" is an entirely obvious idea, but I'm not sure it was so obvious in 1872.
(Although I notice that the argument "It must not have been obvious, or Galton wouldn't have bothered pointing it out" is uncomfortably similar to the argument Galton is refuting.)
not wrong about the actual end effect delivered in the mind
The kind of feeling-better that comes from having more fish to feed your family is not the same as the kind of feeling-better that comes from having prayed. (E.g., one will stop your children starving and the other won't.) Isn't this relevant?
There are some Christians on LessWrong. What is their experience of prayer?
Another month, another rationality quotes thread. The rules are: