Microbe ecology. It's a huge subject, and we've barely started to understand it.
Can you expand on that? I hadn't heard of it before, and the wiki article isn't much more than a stub. What are the fundamental questions, and what difference would it make if we knew the answers?
I have just received a survey questionnaire regarding future directions in EU (European Union) research funding, and thought it would be interesting to see how LessWrong would answer the main question:
Imagine that EU funding is available for one ambitious, visionary project extending beyond 2020.