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siodine comments on Q&A with experts on risks from AI #3 - Less Wrong Discussion
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Comments (28)
I like this line of analogy, but I think it's more like requiring proof, based on DNA, that someone isn't a sociopath. That's already possible. I'm not particularly worried about an AI that occasionally lies, steals, or cheats if it feels something like remorse for doing those things.
Cite? The first page of Google Scholar does not seem to support you.
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-08/uow-gmp072602.php
The linked paper could be interpreted to be talking about anti-social personality disorder though I think that would be pushing it. While this is a superset of sociopathy (or at least contains the vast majority of sociopaths) it is not the same thing. Also, IIRC Han Chinese have the low activity MAOA variant, like the Maori, but their incidence of violent angry hotheads is lower so some other allele is probably regulating behaviour. It does seem likely quite reliable tests for sociopathy and psychopathy will show up.
MAOA is associated with ASPD in Caucasians. Also, weren't sociopathy and psychopathy deprecated in favor of ASPD? (still useful in common parlance because they're familiar)
Associated with does not mean presence/absence can be used as a singular, reliable diagnostic test. On the deprecation, I'm no psychologist, merely an interested layman but I don't understand the reasoning the APA used to justify getting rid of the psychopathy diagnosis. It seems to be quite a distinct subgroup within ASPD. At the extreme, using the old labels, no matter how lovely, caring etc. they are raised psychopaths are bad news, persons with similar dispositions towards psychopathic behaviour but different childhood environments can either express (act like psychopaths) or not, and then there are APSD, who can have traits that would disqualify them from either diagnosis, e.g. feeling sincere guilt even momentarily, or having relationships that are not purely instrumental.
If that were the case, the solution would be easy: recognize psychopathy as a subgroup. They could call it Antisocial Personality Disorder, malignant variety, perhaps.
But the classic Cleckley psychopath often isn't an anti-social personality. Antisocial personality is based on concrete diagnostic criteria that high-functioning, intelligent psychopaths don't necessarily manifest; they may be political leaders, attorneys, judges, businessmen, anywhere arbitrary power can be found. I think they are probably better conceived as a subset of Narcissistic Personality Disorder. But the psychiatrists who pioneered in applying that diagnosis, the psychoanalyst Kohut and colleagues, have a more romantic understanding of their narcissistic patients. Politics figure large in the diagnostic manual's catalog.