Read the linked article.
The diameter of the average RBC is ~7.7μ, about 1μ larger than the diameter of the average brain capillary. In order for RBCs to pass through capillaries it is necessary for them to deform (and in so doing place the maximum amount of surface area in contact with the vascular endothelium to facilitate gas exchange). RBC deformability is critically dependent upon RBC intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration being adequate. With periods of ischemia of ~ 7 minutes, RBCs become depleted of ATP and become rigid, making passage through brain capillaries more difficult (higher arterial pressure required) or impossible.
In-house research conducted by the author has demonstrated that the cerebral microcirculation remains profoundly compromised for 30-60 minutes following reperfusion, even when circulation is restored using cardiopulmonary bypass. Brain parencymal and endothelial cell swelling, as well as changes in the zeta potential of the red blood cells, may all be contributing to the extensive blood sludging and microvascular stasis observed after reperfusion following 10 minutes of global normothermic ischemia in the laboratory.
I already read it. That quote doesn't say anything about rouleaux or clotting; it just describes one of the mechanisms (other than clotting) by which brain ischemia occurs. Can you be more specific?
I just read this article (which is well worth reading for anyone interested in cryonics). One of the important things that the article points out is that, while it takes some time for the memory structures of the brain to degrade due to ischemia, one of the more rapid effects is blood clotting in the fine capillaries of the brain after fairly brief ischemia. This reduces the flow of cryoprotectant, and causes large swathes of neural tissue to be frozen, instead of vitrified, which would be catastrophic for personal identity. While this is not a problem for best-case 'standby' cryonics, it is a problem for those who cannot afford a standby team, or are simply hit by cars.
Being an engineer, my first thought is that this is ridiculous, and there has to be a better solution to the problem. It may be possible to build a device, maybe the size of a shoe box, which can be deployed in the field by a minimally-trained amateur (like a defibrillator), and perfuses the brain with cold saline and anti-coagulants -- or even a synthetic oxygen carrier). I'm picturing a cylinder of fluid, large needles with sterilizing caps for tapping the jugular and carotid arteries, and a gas cylinder to provide pressure. You'd simply break a chemical cold pack, put a plastic neck brace in place and insert the needles, and press a button.
Such a device could even be useful to non-cryonicists, as a way to prevent ischemic injury in people found medically dead at the scene of an accident, during transport to the hospital.
Does anyone with more of a medical background know if such a machine would be at all feasible? I can't imagine it would be expensive to construct.