"Turbocharging Training" is just the proper name for the toolkit-for-learning-things that is taught in the CFAR "Turbocharging Training" class, so a full description would basically be that class.

I don't know how much of the class is original to CFAR but at least some of it is available in other sources. (E.g., if you're learning to play a piano piece, spend most of your time on the trouble spots, not on playing the entire piece from beginning to end. I've seen this advice in multiple non-CFAR places.)