But we don't know that quantum mechanics works on the edges, particularly the ones that give infinities or weird things like CTCs. Shouldn't the confirmation that it does, in fact, continue to work, increase our likelihood of time travel being possible in general?
This is not the edges. The paper is about a simulation, not actual time travel. Simulated time travel, following typical rules, is just a regular ol' quantum system that you assign extra meaning to. It was provable that this would work - though still a technical challenge to make it happen.
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