How do you know?
Especially does your theory accurately predict how different people vary in how they benefit from endurance exercise?
How do you know?
It is straightforward. Your cardiovascular system becomes capable of more throughput -- your lungs can take in more air (higher VO2max), your heart can pump more blood, etc. What you get is called reserve capacity. People with high reserve capacity can survive illnesses which people with low reserve capacity do not.
The question is - am I doing enough exercise?
I intend to provide a worked example for you to work alongside with your own calculations and decide if you should increase or decrease your exercise.
The benefits of physical activity are various and this calculation can be done for one or all of them; some of them include: